In this video I reveal the secrets for making Japanese senko hanabi sparklers with a bicarbonate based powder composition. Because the powder contains bicarbonate instead of an oxidizer, it can rightly be categorized as non-flammable. In fact the key ingredient in these sparklers, potassium bicarbonate, is also the active ingredient in “purple k” type fire extinguishers. This makes the powder uniquely safe among all other fireworks, and opens up the possibility for senko hanabi to be used as a science experiment in a classroom lab setting or by responsible adults in a home workshop.

Many of the components and tools used to make these sparklers can be found on Amazon through this affiliate link (I will earn a small commission on purchases made here): https://www.amazon.com/shop/nighthawkinlight/list/CV84ZI76ISVI?ref_=aip_sf_list_spv_ons_mixed_d

All of my previous videos about senko hanabi can be found in my senko hanabi playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1a2HkcVbmAVW5LBBThCdHPD3BKDd03Tj&si=7yjy6VF97fSiL4il

Timestamps:
1:52 My early attempts
3:50 Comparison w wire sparklers
7:25 Science behind the sparks
13:06 Training under a master
15:10 Making them safe
20:00 Baking soda fireworks
28:10 How to make charcoal
38:38 Lighting baking soda senkos
44:38 Key sparking stages
47:44 Best recipes
50:54 How to make lampblack
54:37 Papers and dying
1:06:56 Secret rolling techniques
1:51:29 Stick type senkos
1:57:30 Making a gel
2:00:41 Wetting the composition
2:08:00 Syringe coating technique
2:11:44 Lighting stick senkos
2:16:00 Hangout Q/A

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Bartholomew Spawndoom, Boatyard McBoatface, Brian, Brian Bowles, Bryan Shattuck, Carl Katzenberger, Chris, Christian, Connor Davis, Dan L, Daniel Moore, David Burburan, Dean Maurer, Dustin B, Edward Ivory, Edward Unthank, Eugene Pakhomov, Enzo Breda Lee, Etalon, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Henner Zeller, Isaac Wiebe, Jedediah Kivi, Jeremy, Jon Hartmann, Jonathan Wilt, Josh Hoppes, JWC, Keith Tucker, Kejie YU, Kris Pockell, Lisa L, M W, Mark Roth, Matthias S., Merrill Crawford, Michel Pastor, Moopy (Mike), Oliver, OscarCorx, overra, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, PFC_CMC, RPMatthew, Ryan Shoaf, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Scott Schlesier, Shadow VanDusen, Simone Chiesi, Steve C, Syniurge, Ted Brandston, The Coldrays Team, Trance Maharaj, TWSBI, White Hat, Y@, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

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In this video we're back to one of my favorite projects that I started playing with more than 10 years ago: making giant bubbles. After experimenting with many of my own mixtures, I've found the best consistency in results comes from a variation of a recipe found on the Soap Bubble Wiki, "Mike's Gooey Mix". That is the baseline mixture used for the tests in this video. The original recipe can be found on this page: https://soapbubble.fandom.com/wiki/Recipes

My modification of this recipe is as follows:
- 4 cups (950 mL) Dawn Platinum
- 8g J-Lube
- 14g Baking Powder
- 4.25 gal (16 L) Hot Water

Here is an affiliate link for giant bubble supplies (I will earn a small commission from sales made through this link): https://www.amazon.com/shop/nighthawkinlight/list/1SCW3PPJQ8DHF?ref_=aip_sf_list_spv_ons_mixed_d

For non-US detergent brands that may be substituted for Dawn Platinum see this section of the Soap Bubble Wiki: https://soapbubble.fandom.com/wiki/Detergent#Outside_the_USA

By my experimentation the most important part of the bubble mix is to achieve a proper pH balance. The above recipe includes exactly enough baking powder to neutralize the alkalinity of the detergent and bring the solution to 7-7.5 pH when using the fairly alkaline ground water in my area. If your water source is on the acidic side or if you need to switch in a different detergent you will benefit from buying pH test strips to adjust how much baking powder is needed to reach 7-7.5 pH.

Some commercial giant bubble concentrates are also available for purchase through the affiliate link above. I have not tested them, but I suspect they will give fairly good results in most circumstances.

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Bartholomew Spawndoom, Boatyard McBoatface, Brian, Brian Bowles, Bryan Shattuck, Carl Katzenberger, Chris, Christian, Connor Davis, Dan L, Daniel Moore, David Burburan, Dean Maurer, Dustin B, Edward Ivory, Edward Unthank, Eugene Pakhomov, Enzo Breda Lee, Etalon, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Henner Zeller, Isaac Wiebe, Jedediah Kivi, Jeremy, Jon Hartmann, Jonathan Wilt, Josh Hoppes, JWC, Keith Tucker, Kejie YU, Kris Pockell, Lisa L, M W, Mark Roth, Matthias S., Merrill Crawford, Michel Pastor, Moopy (Mike), Oliver, OscarCorx, overra, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, PFC_CMC, RPMatthew, Ryan Shoaf, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Scott Schlesier, Shadow VanDusen, Simone Chiesi, Steve C, Syniurge, The Coldrays Team, Trance Maharaj, TWSBI, White Hat, Y@, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

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In this video we build a machine to make fabric from PLA that has been specially modified for high reflectivity. Because of PLA's strong emissivity in the infrared sky cooling window it is potentially a very good option for radiative sky cooling. If you've missed the other videos in this series check out the full sky cooling playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1a2HkcVbmAWExiWT__qQypLEwkvijnIM&si=J5lkwlulF1wjvbOv

You can also check out my earlier livestreams of building the fiber machine on my second channel: https://www.youtube.com/@NHiLExtra/streams

Thanks to Zero2Random for use of his spiderweb footage! Check out his channel and excellent review videos here: https://www.youtube.com/@Zero2Random

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Bartholomew Spawndoom, Boatyard McBoatface, Brian, Brian Bowles, Bryan Shattuck, Carl Katzenberger, Chris, Christian, Connor Davis, Dan L, Daniel Moore, David Burburan, Dustin B, Edward Ivory, Edward Unthank, Eugene Pakhomov, Enzo Breda Lee, Etalon, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Henner Zeller, Isaac Wiebe, Jedediah Kivi, Jeremy, Jon Hartmann, Jonathan Wilt, Josh Hoppes, JWC, Keith Tucker, Kejie YU, Kris Pockell, Lisa L, M W, Mark Roth, Matthias S., Merrill Crawford, Michel Pastor, Moopy (Mike), Oliver, OscarCorx, overra, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, PFC_CMC, RPMatthew, Ryan Shoaf, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Shadow VanDusen, Simone Chiesi, Steve C, Syniurge, The Coldrays Team, Trance Maharaj, TWSBI, White Hat, Y@, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

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In this video we explore a series of experiments to make radiative sky cooling fibers, starting with a cotton candy machine and ending with success from an unexpected discovery. If you'd like to catch up on my earlier videos concerning cooling paints and materials in this radiative sky cooling series check out the full playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1a2HkcVbmAWExiWT__qQypLEwkvijnIM

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Bartholomew Spawndoom, Boatyard McBoatface, Brian Shattuck, Carl Katzenberger, Chris, Christian, Connor Davis, Dan L, Daniel Moore, David Burburan, Dustin B, Edward Ivory, Edward Unthank, Eugene Pakhomov, Enzo Breda Lee, Etalon, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Jedediah Kivi, Jeremy, Jon Hartmann, Jonathan Wilt, Josh Hoppes, JWC, Keith Tucker, Kejie YU, Kris Pockell, Lisa L, M W, Mark Roth, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, Moopy (Mike), OscarCorx, overra, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, PFC_CMC, RPMatthew, Ryan Shoaf, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Shadow VanDusen, Simone Chiesi, Steve C, Syniurge, The Coldrays Team, TWSBI, White Hat, Y@, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

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The most useful resource I found while investigating phase change materials was the following paper which explores several different types of low temp salt based PCMs: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316893824_Preparation_and_thermal_properties_of_Glauber's_salt-based_phase-change_materials_for_Qinghai-Tibet_Plateau_solar_greenhouses

The key to reducing the melting point of a PCM is to make what is called a eutectic mixture ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eutectic_system ). In this case that is a mixture of two different hydrated salts. When the two come together the freezing point of both is lowered to a temperature which depends on the particular salts used and the ratio between them. Sodium sulfate and table salt (sodium chloride)

Here is my Amazon storefront containing affiliate links for some of the items used in this project: https://www.amazon.com/shop/nighthawkinlight

Below are ebay affiliate links (I will receive a small commission if you make purchases through affiliate links):

Sodium sulfate: https://ebay.us/4JoC8V
Calcium chloride: https://ebay.us/kcniPG
Ice pack cooling vest: https://ebay.us/WZqhHo
Sodium acetate hot packs: https://ebay.us/pLjYz8
Reusable silicone bags: https://ebay.us/o4lnvk

Referenced videos:
Radiative Sky Cooling Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1a2HkcVbmAWExiWT__qQypLEwkvijnIM
Reinventing Starlite: https://youtu.be/0IbWampaEcM?si=8mIY9GgNNKFdKsLG
Solar balloons: https://youtu.be/0QL_Ijxs9fk?si=-NekRaVpQ2ao2zf4
Wax fabric: https://youtu.be/HedRbIsM75M?si=5NjcRvY-3qu3__J2
Second channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCb6Y8DZRfg80q6ng3Ca2xYg

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Chris, Christian, Damián Arrillaga, Daniel Moore, Dustin B , Eugene Pakhomov, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Jedediah Kivi, Jonathan Wilt, Iain Rei, Josh Hoppes, Mark Roth, Matthew, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, Nick Gerner, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Simone Chiesi, Syniurge, Teague Lasser, WilSkarlet, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

https://www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects

Thank you for watching!

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In this video we explore a new fabric waterproofing method using wax, oil and several different application techniques for awesome results. This method is perfect for bedsheet or canvas tarps, jackets, gloves, backpacks, and any other fabric item. The earlier method using silicone can be found in this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_R0gEDZhAI

Thank you so much to those of you who support this channel on Patreon! Your support helps give me confidence to spend my time researching projects that are of value for more than just video views.

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Bryan Shattuck, Chris, The Coldrays Team, Damián Arrillaga, Daniel Moore, Dustin B , Eugene Pakhomov, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Jedediah Kivi, Jonathan Wilt, Iain Rei, Josh Hoppes, Mark Roth, Matthew, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, M W, Nick Gerner, OscarCorx, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Simone Chiesi, Syniurge, Teague Lasser, TWSBI, WilSkarlet, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

https://www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects

Thanks for watching!

-Ben

Check out my sponsor Brilliant, free for 30 days (and get 20% off a premium subscription!) by using this link: https://brilliant.org/nighthawk

In this video we explore the creation of synthetic opal in the workshop with the end goal of improving our homemade radiative sky cooling coatings.

The Thought Emporium's video about making opal: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d7MvGFX_VKo

The paper referenced throughout this video (this link will download a pdf): https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11051-016-3691-8.pdf

Thank you so much to those of you who support this channel on Patreon! Your support helps give me confidence to spend my time researching projects that are of value for more than just video views.

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Chris, Damián Arrillaga, Daniel Moore, Dustin B , Eugene Pakhomov, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Jedediah Kivi, Jonathan Wilt, Iain Rei, Josh Hoppes, Mark Roth, Matthew, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, Nick Gerner, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Simone Chiesi, Syniurge, Teague Lasser, WilSkarlet, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

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Thank you for watching!

Thanks to Anker for sponsoring this video!🔋 Click HERE to secure your power solution and take the first step towards uninterrupted power supply: https://ankerfast.club/ALOvFP

In this video I learn how to make a giant version of my favorite science toy, and also learn a little bit about solar weather balloons.

Thanks to WKPS 1 and Danny Bowman of Bovine Aerospace for allowing the use of their footage.

WKPS 1: https://www.youtube.com/@WKPS

Danny Bowman: https://www.youtube.com/@DannyBowmanBovineAerospace
https://bovineaerospace.wordpress.com/

Below are links to the various items used in this project. These are affiliate links (I may be compensated if you make a purchase):

Ebay affiliate links:
0.31 mil painter's plastic: https://ebay.us/imelbV
Glue Tape: https://ebay.us/d7ZcZv
Pine Fatwood: https://ebay.us/NHYXu2
2 Gallon Bucket: https://ebay.us/dmVJe1
Flying Solar Balloon Pre-Made Toy: https://ebay.us/hi9IrS

Amazon affiliate page with all items:
https://www.amazon.com/shop/nighthawkinlight/list/315G94VQMJ7JX?ref_=aipsflist_aipsfnighthawkinlight

Thank you so much to those of you who support this channel on Patreon! Your support helps give me confidence to spend my time researching projects that are of value for more than just video views.

A special thank you to my top patrons:
Aik193, Chris, Damián Arrillaga, Daniel Moore, Eugene Pakhomov, Evan Hughes, Evan Relf, Gusbear, Jedediah Kivi, Jonathan Wilt, Josh Hoppes, Mark Roth, Matthew, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, Nick Gerner, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Peter Gordon, PeteyPak, Sam Hodge, Santiago Perez, Simone Chiesi, Syniurge, Teague Lasser, WilSkarlet, Yanko Yankulov, Alvaro Figueroa

https://www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects

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In this video we follow a paper that describes achieving a daytime radiative cooling effect on cotton fabric through the growth of CaCO3 microspheres directly onto the fibers. The paper can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.109988

My previous video in this radiative cooling series: https://youtu.be/KDRnEm-B3AI?si=T7ltrmPqWw4WJJ3y

Thank you so much to those of you who support this channel on Patreon! Your support really helps give me confidence to spend my time researching projects that are of value for more than just video views. Shoutout to my top patrons: Eugene Pakhomov, Peter Gordon, Evan Hughes, Teague Lasser, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Simone Chiesi, Steve C, Yanko Yankulov, Walter Montalvo, Carl Katzenberger, Damián Arrillaga, Dan L, Edward Unthank, Gusbear, Jon Hartmann, Kejie YU, Kirk Werklund, Lisa L, Mark Roth, PabloXIII, Santiago Perez, Steve C, Thibaud Peverelli, Tristan Tonks, WilSkarlet, Yanko Yankulov, and Matthew.
https://www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects

Thanks everyone for watching!

Check out my sponsor Brilliant, free for 30 days (and get 20% off an annual premium subscription!) by using this link: https://brilliant.org/nighthawk

In this video I explore a multivariate experimental method called orthogonal (Taguchi) arrays.

Thanks to Guillotined Chemistry and Xoltri for their contributions that helped make this video happen. You'll find lots of useful info on their channels, especially in reference to making senko hanabi:
https://www.youtube.com/@GuillotinedChemistry
https://www.youtube.com/@xoltri

Here is my own senko hanabi playlist: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL1a2HkcVbmAVW5LBBThCdHPD3BKDd03Tj&si=zWLKSyaI1ZLcOsRz

Thank you so much to those of you who support this channel on Patreon! Your support really helps give me confidence to spend my time researching projects that are of value for more than just video views. Shoutout to my top patrons: Eugene Pakhomov, Peter Gordon, Evan Hughes, Teague Lasser, Matthias S., Michel Pastor, PabloXIII, Parker Jones, Simone Chiesi, Steve C, Yanko Yankulov, Walter Montalvo, Carl Katzenberger, Damián Arrillaga, Dan L, Edward Unthank, Gusbear, Jon Hartmann, Kejie YU, Kirk Werklund, Lisa L, Mark Roth, PabloXIII, Santiago Perez, Steve C, Thibaud Peverelli, Tristan Tonks, WilSkarlet, Yanko Yankulov
https://www.patreon.com/NightHawkProjects

Thanks everyone for watching!